Is simple meaning BMS work to avoid overcharging each cell and balanced voltage while the SOLAR CHARGE CONTROLLER control the surge of the output voltage from the panel??
Does bms can support the voltage output range of solar panel..
And does the Solar charge Controller give more efficient energy to battery or just spliting it volage that only exact to the battery pack?
In addition to Crimp Daddy's reply, the other thing to consider is that the BMS does not do any current limiting and voltage limiting
at all. It is either On or Off. The Charge Controller (regardless if it is a Solar, Wind, AC, etc) monitors battery voltage and only applies the proper amount of voltage/current sufficient to bring the battery up on charge. Depending on how good of a charger it is, this can be in huge steps (ie, dead battery is starts out at 50% voltage level, ie 10V on lead acid, and then jump to 12V when that is reached) or it'll be more gradual where the steps are far more incremental (ie, keeps the input voltage just above battery voltage to keep dumping charge).
This is also true on the current input. Some chargers will just dump how ever much they have available, others that are much more smart, will slowly ramp up the current until a certain voltage is attained, and then ramp back down. This extends the life of the battery drastically, regardless of chemistry.
There are very few Charge Controllers that also have a BMS style component built in as well. It is far more common to have an Inverter/Charger combo with a BMS device off to the side.
So yes, you need both devices to properly charge and maintain/monitor the battery.
From a design/logistics/pricing standpoint it makes sense they would be two separate devices. Vast variations in solar configurations combined with endless battery configurations... it's clear you can cover more ground with separates than trying to accommodate everyone with a single solution.
Plus the cost of the unit that can do all of that, BMS/Charger/Inverter, would cost a LOT. Considering that it would be designed to handle a wide range of types of batteries, voltages, chemistries, etc and Solar configurations as well. They wouldn't want to make 50 different devices that did basically the same thing but handle different external components.
So this would get stupid expensive really quick.
Better to keep the devices separate to help keep costs down. Also helps to keep maintenance down, too. If one device goes bad, it doesn't completely cripple the system. Just replace the part that is down and cut downtime down
